Melatonin is used in dogs for treatment of anxiety, sleeplessness, depression, and phobias. Xylitol is highly toxic to dogs. Xylitol is an artificial sweetener that is sometimes used in melatonin made for use by humans. Xylitol is in so many things and not obviously labeled. As mentioned above, if your dog eats melatonin in any dosage, you should contact animal poison control without hesitation. Monitor your dog closely, and consider inducing vomiting if he has eaten melatonin with Xylitol. However, when non-primate species like dogs eat something containing xylitol, the xylitol is quickly absorbed into the bloodstream, resulting in a potent release of insulin from the pancreas. Not that he should be given the stuff, but really, it would take way more Xylitol than what is in one of those tablets to hurt a dog that size. I carry sugar-free gum in my purse! Xylitol is a very serious toxin for dogs. Some of the sugar-free gums have 1 gram per piece so three of those and Casey would have been dead. At higher doses, Xylitol is … My dog has eaten melatonin with xylitol. Sadly, if a dog has a large dose of xylitol, there’s a possibility of liver complications down the line. That is not a normal ingredient. He seems to be acting fine. This is REALLY SCARY! IF ANY xylitol WAS in the pill swallowed, your dog MUST be taken (at once) to an Emergency vet (to either have its stomach pumped or to have an antidote given) or it will go into a low blood sugar COMA & die. Apart from overdosing, there is another way in which melatonin can be life threatening for your dog. WHY would xylitol be in a melatonin pill? He is just acting tired. Prognosis: Excellent when the ingestion is caught early and blood sugars are monitored frequently. Please exercise extreme caution and keep these products out of reach of your dogs. If you suspect your dog has ingested a product containing xylitol contact your veterinarian, Pet Poison Control or go to your local Animal ER right away. My dog ate a 5mg tablet of Melatonin today that contained Xylitol. Dogs cannot process xylitol properly. Melanonin itself should not be dangerous, but according to Google, some melanonin contains xylitol as a sweetener. Melatonin is to be swallowed whole like an aspirin; not chewed. The toxic dose of xylitol is 75mg/kg so he would have had to eat the whole bar, but he sure could have. The amount of xylitol typically found in most pet oral-care products is very small and, when used properly, is not expected to cause poisoning unless the dog ingests a very large amount. I did not realize how toxic Xylitol can be to dogs and I have been panicking since I found out. (In as little as 15 minutes, the blood sugar of a dog that has eaten gum containing Xylitol may register a marked drop in blood sugar.) 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