The structural idealisation of the staircase is shown below; Thickness of waist and landing = 200 mmDepth of riser = 150mmLoad actions on the stairsConcrete self weight (waist area) = 0.2 × 25 = 5 kN/m2 (normal to the inclination)Stepped area = 0.5 × 0.15 × 25 = 1.875 kN/m2 (global vertical direction)Finishes (say) = 1.2 kN/m2, We intend to apply all gravity loads purely in the global y-direction, therefore we convert the load at the waist of the stair from local to global direction by considering the angle of inclination of the flight area to the horizontal;𝛼 = tan−1(1.2/1.75) = 34.438989°Therefore the UDL from waist of the stair in the global direction is given by = (5 × cos 34.438989) = 4.124 kN/m2, Total dead load on flight area (gk) = 4.124 + 1.875 + 1.2 = 7.199 kN/mVariable load on staircase (qk) = 4 kN/m2The load on the flight area at ultimate limit state = 1.35gk + 1.5qkEd = 1.35(7.199) + 1.5(4) = 15.719 kN/m2, On the landing;gk = 5 + 1.2 = 6.2 kN/m2; qk = 4 kN/m2, The load on the landing at ultimate limit state = 1.35gk + 1.5qkn = 1.35(6.2) + 1.5(4) = 14.370 kN/m2. Treads should be at least 250 mm, exclusive of nosing. Baluster: Vertical member supporting the handrail in a railing. across the flight) or longitudinally (i.e.along the flight). A section of a staircase is shown above. Headroom Ample headroom should be provided not only to prevent tall people from injuring their heads but to give a feeling of spaciousness. Riser: Vertical face of a step. Also, there are building codes that regulate the geometric design of stairways. Design of Staircase Calculation – How to Calculate Rise and Tread Dimensions: While planning any stair important dimension to find out first that is rise and tread of stair and their numbers. Typical detailing of corners (edge between flight and landing) of a staircase is shown below; The ‘three-dimensional’ nature of the actual structure and the stiffening effect of the triangular tread areas, both of which are usually ignored when analysing the structure, will result in actual stress distributions that differ from those calculated, and this must be remembered when detailing (Reynolds et al, 2008). After placing your subbase, you'll need to tamp it down until it is packed extremely firm, level, and stable. Design of Reinforced Concrete (R.C.) Generally, stairs are usually of the following types: Straight stairs are stairs along which there is no curvature or change in direction on any flight between two successive floors or levels. The value of elastic modulus of materials, wherever required, maybe taken as per. Selecting the proper boundary condition has an important role in structural analysis. The modeling of support conditions at expansion joints and bearings needs a careful consideration of continuity of each translational and rotational component of displacement. The staircase is a … r4 3" 14 ga. deck width landing width min. The software takes the loads according to the code IS 456:2000 which is pre-installed in it. Stresses produced by the longitudinal thrust are small and generally neglected in the design of simple systems. Structural design should be based on the sound application of fundamental principles of reinforced concrete design and a knowledgeable use of building codes and standards. Stairs are made of concrete, stone, wood, steel … Building interior concrete stairs is a complex project, as you have to build a formwork, install a structure of reinforcing bars, pour concrete and finish the stairs with a float. Especially, computations have been made by use of BS 8110 based spreadsheets; publication produced by the Reinforced Concrete Council (RCC) as part of its project 'Spreadsheets for concrete design to BS 8110 and EC2'. First, take the dimensions of the stairwell opening. The typical nature of internal stresses induced in a simply supported straight flight stair and reinforcement pattern is as shown in the picture below. When spanning transversely, supports must be provided on both sides of the flight by either walls or stringer beams. In this case, the waist or thinnest part of the stair construction need be no more than 60 mm thick say, the effective lever arm for resisting the bending moment being about half of the maximum thickness from the nose to the soffit, measured at right angles to the soffit. However other materials like steel and aluminum are also used in the construction. winders - Winders are steps that are narrower on one side than the other. As compared to regular wooden stairs, concrete stairs are more durable and rigid, therefore it is a perfect choice if you want less problems for many years in a row. BS 8110 deals only with simple types and allows a modified span/effective depth ratio to be used. From the weight of construction materials, the dimensions of members, and specified live loads from the code of practice. It displays results in graphical forms and also display real time-history displacements and generates reports. A series of winders form a circular or spiral stairway. Stair consists of small series units known as steps. There are typically two stringers, one on either side of the stairs; It is often stressed that any structure which is to be constructed should satisfy the need and efficiency with which it is intended and it should be durable for its desired life span. The design of staircase, therefore, is the application of the designs of the different elements of the staircase. Download Full PDF Package. Install Riser Forms. Balustrade: A railing composed of balusters capped by a handrail. a combination of the above-mentioned types. At Structville, we stop at nothing in giving you new dimensions to the profession of civil engineering. The stair diameter is used to determine the angle of rotation. Concrete stairs for commercial and residential projects Floating concrete staircase passed the structural test in 2011: Just now the new development, a self supporting concrete stair has been loaded with 350kg and has passed the test. The most comfortable height of riser is 175 mm. The following can be used as guidelines; Step SizesRisers and treads generally are proportioned for comfort and to meet accessibility standards for the handicapped, although sometimes space considerations control or the desire to achieve a monumental effect, particularly for outside stairs of public buildings. Flight: A series of steps extending from floor to floor, or from a floor to an intermediate landing or platform.Guard: Protective vertical barrier along edges of stairways, balconies, and floor openings.Landings (platforms): Used where turns are necessary or to break up long climbs. For example, usually for a Residential Building the live load taken as 2 to 3 KN/m. These load combinations can be created by selecting the Indian code and also with the help of auto load combinations where they are generated by the software. Concrete is arguably the most important building material which plays an important role in all building structures. For the concrete section, rebars are used for reinforcement. The standard width of any stair may be between 1.1 to 1.6 m. In public use building like malls, cinema, shopping center larger width of stair can be used. A spiral staircase has a 100mm smaller diameter than the given stairwell opening. 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