Do you know the meaning of Oxygen Minimum Zone and Dead Zone. Fodder: Green feed of cattle. 96. Flood: Submerges of the vast area of land with water. Wetlands: Ecosystems with stagnant water pool and having rooted vegetation. Ecosystem: A biological community and its physical environment exchanging matter and energy. Incineration: The process of burning solid wastes in an inclinator at high temperature. Lithosphere: Outer shell of the earth’s crust made of the mantle of rocks. 31. Neutron: Nuclear particle with zero charge and mass, (relative to it). Biodiversity: It refers to the variability among living organisms from all sources, including terrestrial, marine, and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, between species, and of ecosystems. GNP (Gross National Product): An index of a country’s economic status based on consumerism i.e., commodities purchased per year, consumer durables and financial status of consumer. Eutrophication: Over nourishment of waterbodies due to excessive nitrates and phosphates received through runoff— it is harmful for the waterbodies. Fertility Rate: The number of live birth per unit time per unit number of fertile female. 48. Organismal ecology is the study of an individual organism’s behaviour, morphology, physiology, etc. Detrivores: The microbes decomposing detritus. Transpiration: Loss of water from plant surfaces. Biotic Component: Living component (i.e., plants, animals, and microbes) in an ecosystem. Population Explosion: Excessive growth of population as in developing countries, to a size that exceeds the carrying capacity. through food chain. - Definition, Types & Stages, What Is an Ecosystem? What is ecology? Photosynthesis: Synthesis of food (carbohydrates) by green plants in the presence of sunlight using carbon dioxide from air and water from soil. Antibiotics: It is a chemical substance derivable from a mould or bacterium that can kill microorganisms and cure bacterial infections. Earn Transferable Credit & Get your Degree, Get access to this video and our entire Q&A library. 7. It contains 70 per cent of air masses which are always in motion. Desertification: The process leading to desert formation. Decomposer: The organisms depend on dead remains of producer’s aril consumer for their food. Biosphere: Composite environment consisting earth and atmosphere in which Organisms live. Sciences, Culinary Arts and Personal Grazing: Eating away of unharvested herbs as forage by animals. 72. It is useful fuel in rural areas. 12. 89. Secondary Pollutant: Harmful pollutants generated from primary pollutants air, for example, sulphonic acid is a secondary pollutant, produced by the primary pollutant sulphur dioxide by reaction with water vapour in air. which absorb earth’s infra-red radiation, return it to the earth’s surface thereby raising the temperature (global warming). 101. Ecology is the branch of science that deals with the study of interactions between living organisms and their physical environment. Environmental Studies: The studies of the quality of environment and all aspects of human environment, their degradation etc. 76. Ecologists also study biomes. Auto Ecology: It is a study of individual organism or species in relation to environment. Urbanization: Increasing population in cities by migration from villages and other states. Ecology is the field of biology that studies the relationship between living beings … 65. 84. 100. Conservation: Planned management of the surroundings of man to prevent its exploitation or destruction. Services, What Is Ecology? This phenomenon is similar to trapping of heat in glass covered green house (used for growth of vegetables and flowers during winter) and hence called greenhouse effect. By continuing to use our website, you agree to our, Summary on the Fauna or Zoogeographic Regions of the World. Domestic Wastes: The materials that are discarded by human beings in their daily activities. 67. It is a science of relationships. 73. The latter trap heat from the earth’s surface and returns it thereby raising the earth’s surface temperature. 17. 62. Watch Now. Growth Rate: The difference between natality and mortality in a population. Greenhouse Effect (Global Warming): Rise in temperature of the earth’s surface due to increase in the levels of greenhouse gases viz., carbon dioxide, methane etc. in response to environmental challenges. CBSE 12th Date Sheet 2021: CBSE 12th Time Table 2021 (Science, Commerce, Arts), This website follows the DNPA’s code of conduct, CBSE Class 12 Syllabus: 2020-21 (All Subjects) - Download PDF. 3. 77. India has a huge urban population (about 300 million). 32. Write. Created by. How Organic Farming helps in Carbon Sequestration? Anthropogenic: It is related to the study of the origin and development of human beings. 21. Flashcards. 40. HOW TO PREPARE FOR ESE 2021 along with GATE 2021. CSIR UGC NET SET Life Sciences for JRF Lectureship ₹ 1,880.00; UGC NET SET Environmental Sciences (2 Volumes) ₹ 950.00 NEET Physics, Chemistry, Biology - A Preparation Guide ₹ 590.00; Saras 12th Standard Bio Zoology Exam Guide - Line by Line Solved Questions - English Medium Tamilnadu State Board Syllabus ₹ 390.00; Saras 12th / +2 Bio Botany Exam Guide - Line by … Heredity: Genetically desired traits and qualities obtained from parents and ancestors. Energy: Ability to do work. 36. Watershed: Land area from which water drains under gravity to a common drainage channel. Ecologists research how organisms are adapted to these nonliving and living components of their surroundings. 744k watch mins. It includes the soil which covers the rock’s crust in many places. The importance of Environment and Ecology has become highly useful resources to crack different competitive examinations. It is an immediate surrounding of living organisms in which it lives and operates. 81. 34. 47. Ecosystem. Concept of an Ecosystem: The term ecosystem was coined in 1935 by the Oxford ecologist Arthur Tansley to encompass the interactions among biotic and abiotic components of the environment at a given site. Natural Gas: Underground deposits of gases containing mainly methane and small amounts of propane and butane. 55. - Definition & Importance, What is Environmental Science? Dependency Ratio: Ratio of people 65+ (above 65) and 15 (under 15) to the rest of the population. 70. Hindi General Aptitude. A sequence of organisms that feed on one another, form a food chain. 28. 4. Both are closely interrelated and they have continuous interaction so that any change in the environment has an effect on the living organisms and vice-versa. The environment refers to the surroundings of an organism. Flora: A species content of plants present in an area. Biogas: Gas (energy resource) originated from animal dung. kirra_skye. 80. science of relationships between living organisms and their environment 104. Principles of ecology: All living organisms and their environment are mutually reactive, affecting each other in various ways. 78. Explain the difference between opportunistic and... Enumerate the five functions of the skin. - Definition & Explanation, What is the Hydrosphere? Phytoplankton: Small plants like algae, bacteria found floating on the surface of water. Demography: The study of human population in all respect. This is the major source (0.66%) for freshwater. Nitrogen Fixation: Conversion of atmospheric nitrogen gas into ammonia by nitrogen-fixing bacteria/cyanobacteria. 73. The environmental conditions of an organism determine the adaptative mechanisms of an individual organism… Residence Time: Length of time for which a chemical or molecule stays in the environment. Sanitary Landfill: Waste disposal site on land in which solid waste is spread with fresh layer of clay. Some im­portant fundamental concepts and principles of ecology in terms of eco-system may be outlined as follows: 1. 10. CBSE Deleted Syllabus 2020-21: 9th, 10th, 11th & 12th & CBSE Board Exams 2021 Updates! Earthquake: The shaking and trembling of earth due to movement inside the lithosphere that could be tectonic or volcanic. Figure 3 provides an overview of the ecological concepts and principles discussed in section 2 and their ap-plication as discussed in section 3. Featured Products. Ecology is the study of the interconnection between organisms, people and their physical environment. Natural Hazards: Hazards from natural sources (earthquake, volcanic eruption etc.) 69. Ecology, the word comes from two Greek words, which are known as : Oikos=Home, and Logos=Knowledge The world in which we live consists of living organisms and non-living structures. 30. Drought: Abnormal conditions appear-in an environment due to low rainfall or absence of rainfall for a long time in a particular area. 11. Nuclear Fission: Splitting of nucleus (uranium/ plutonium) into two or more fragments with release of tremendous amount of energy. Decibel: Unit for measurement of intensity of noise. Sustainable Development: Improvement in quality of life over a long-term without degrading the environment or compromising the needs of future generations. Groundwater: Water held in aquifers 50% below the earth’s surface. 9. 82. 92. 61. Ecology —the scientific study of interactions between different organisms and between organisms and their environment. 16. The living and non-living components of an ecosystem are known as biotic and abiotic components, respectively. 50. 97. Ecology is known to be the scientific study of the interactions among the organisms and their environment. Carbon Cycle: Natural cycle based on exchange of carbon-dioxide among Atmosphere, Biosphere and Ocean. Test. Humus: A dark amorphous substance that is partially degraded and serves as a major source of nutrients to plants. Learn. Course Textbook(s) No physical textbook is required; resources are integrated within the course. Environment & Ecology: Complete Study Material. 86. Extinction: Loss of species on earth as natural or manmade process. Nitrogen Cycle: Continuous exchange of nitrogen within the ecosystem: air-soil-water. Create your account. 6. Bioaccumulation: Accumulation of non-biodegradable substances in the body (e.g., lead, mercury, DDT etc.) For example, the residence time of CFC (chlorofluorocarbon) molecule in the stratosphere is 100 years. Biogeo Chemical Cycle: Pathway of circulation of elements within an ecosystem. Ecology (from Greek: οἶκος, "house" and -λογία, "study of") is a branch of biology concerning the spatial and temporal patterns of the distribution and abundance of organisms, including the causes and consequences. Basic Concepts related to the Environment and Ecology Environment is the sum total of all conditions and influences that affect the development and life of all organisms on earth… Particulate Matter: Solid particles or ligand droplets suspended in air. Feb 25, 2020 • 1 h 27 m . Bagasse: The crushed cane after extraction of juice. Lesson 1 • Started at 5:30 PM. Stratosphere: This region is above the troposphere at an altitude of 11-50 km above the earth’s surface. Ajit Tiwari. Here ozone acts as a protective shield against ultraviolet radiation from space and thus protects life on earth. It is … “Organisms” means all living entities; this definition excludes relationships between non-living entities as a possible object of study for ecology. Hydrological Cycle: The process of continuous circulation of water between atmosphere and the earth's surface. Research in Ecology Ecology involves many different fields, including geology, soil science, geography, meteorology, genetics, chemistry, and physics. BASIC CONCEPTS : NATURE, ECOLOGY, ENVIRONMENT Concept 1.0 Objective 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Evolution of human being 1.3 Ecology 1.4 Environment 1.5 Types of Environment 1.6 Summary 1.7 Reference 1.8 Questions 1.0 OBJECTIVES 1) To make the students aware of the meaning of environment and its relationship with society. Carcinogen: Chemicals promoting cancer e.g., benzo-α-pyrene, arsenic, DDT etc. - Definition & Examples, What is Plant Physiology? Heterotroph: Organism that can’t synthesize its own food and derives its nourishment by feeding on other. Topics of interest include the biodiversity, distribution, biomass, and populations of organisms, as well as cooperation and competition within and between species. 87. The varied organisms live in diverse environments all over the world. Environmental Biology: The science that deals with inter-relationship between organisms and their environment. Responsible for ozone hole and greenhouse effect. Ground Water: Water contained underneath the surface of the earth. 52. - Definition & Explanation, Working Scholars® Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. Carnivorous:  Animals that feeds on other animals. Autotroph: It is a biological term which is a combination of two words- auto which means self and troph means "nourishing". 35. 70. Over the years, the scope of our scientific understanding and technical skills in ecology and environmental science have widened significantly, with increasingly greater emphasis on societal issues. Detritus: Dead organic matter mainly of fallen leaves as life litter in forest. Abiotic Component: Non-living component in an ecosystem. Infant Mortality: Number of infants born per 1000 who die before their first birthday. Must watch session. Health: It is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely an absence of disease or infirmity and ability to lead a socially and economically productive life (WHO 1948). 64. 13. All organisms and the abiotic environment found in a defined spatial area, generally assumed to be the collective description of a community and its physical environment. Biological Environment: All living beings present in our surrounding are included in biological environment. The Environment, Levels of Ecology and Ecosystems, Population Ecology: Definition, Theory & Model, What Is Ecological Succession? 5. Air Pollutants: Gases and particles which cause air pollution are called air pollutants. 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